Piling



S. TAKECHI July 16, 1 935.

PILING Filed OCT.. 25, 1932 FIG.

Patented July 16, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE FILING Shojiro Takechi, Osaka, Japan t Application October 25, 1932{Serlal No. 639,398 Y 6 claims. (ci. fsf-57)] This invention relates to improvement in the stability and supporting ability of individual piles, usually of concrete. The present invention avoids the expense of piles of uniform,vr or sub- `stantially uniform, diameter or cross-sectional dimensions or tapering piles.

In carrying out the invention the pile is formed with one or more enlargements, and as the pile is driven a liquid substance such as cement, concrete, asphalt, etc., which has the property of hardening in the hole about the pile, is caused, while in its fluid condition, to flow into the hole about the pile. The pile having been driven, the filling material will harden andV closely and tenaciously grip the pile and the sides of thevhole in which it is located so that the stability and supporting ability of the pile is greatly improved. By actual tests the supporting ability of the pile is increased by more than twenty-five per cent over similar piles. where the lling material is of sand, gravel or like substances. Moreover the filling material of the present invention being liquid when supplied to the hole it is much more certain to properly flow into the hole about the i pile, without Aclogging and consequent failure to feed at the proper times. Such clogging and failure to feed will result in imperfect filling about the pile and consequently imperfect performance of the pile as regards stability and weight-supporting ability.

Other and ancillary objects of the invention will appear hereinafter.

In the accompanying drawing which illustrates the invention- Figure 1 is a vertical section illustrating in elevation a pile as driven into the ground with the filling material in cross section; and Y Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1 of a pile driven into the ground and packed or filled in accordance with the present invention.

Referring to the drawing, a pile 2, preferably of concrete, has a plurality of annular enlargements 3. These enlargements are of uniform size spaced vertically, preferably equidistantly, and each enlargement has a tapering lower face or shoulder to facilitate the driving of the pile. The upper face of each enlargement preferably extends at right angles to the axis of the pile to serve as a supporting face or shoulderI for the packs or fills l of concrete, cement, asphaltV or the like, which may be fed into the hole vabout the pile, while in liquid condition, and subsequently harden about the pile within the hole, filling the entire space between the pile and the wall of the hole.

As illustrating the practice of the invention,v a funnel-shaped hopper 6, with an open bottom is placed on the ground surface 5. The pile 2 is driven down through the open bottoni of the hopper '6, which surrounds the pile being driven, 5

until the lowest annular enlargement 3 has passed through the open bottom of the hopper, the opening in which is just large enough to allow the passage of the annular shoulders or enlarge-v ments 3. 1 When the pile 2 has been driven into the ground to the degree stated, and preferably before the' upper supporting face or shoulder of the lowest annular enlargement 3 passes below,

or appreciably below, the bottom of the hopper 6,

there is placed in the hopper a supply of suitably compounded cement or concrete or I molten asphalthwhichis liquid so that it will liow into the hole in the earthabout the pile as the latter is driven. Thereafter the supply of cement or the like is continuously maintained in the hopper 6; until thep'ile has been Acompletely driven in.

The liquid nllinglmaterial "l, such as cement, concrete, asphalt, asphalt-concreta'or the like will ilow'under the`action of gravity down through the bottom of the hopper B about the pile 2,V flll- 2 ing up all space between the vertical walls of the lpile from the upper surface of the last enlargement to enter the ground, to the ground level. The jarring action of the percussive driving hammer 8, in driving the pile 2, will serve to aid in maintaining the flow of the iilling material l, such as concrete, cement, asphalt, etc., and to cause the same to thoroughly percolate into all the crevices of the walls of the hole and of the pile. The lowest one of the enlargements 3 will thus first enter the earth and the lling material fed above it within the hole will be supported by its upper face. This will continue until the second. lowest enlargement 3 passes into the open bottom of the hopper S and closes the same against the passage of the Afilling material l therethrough. The space in the hole between the vertical walls of the pile and of the hole and between the rst and second lowest enlargement 3 will then be filled with the filling material l'. As the pile is further driven into the earth the second lowest enlargement will be moved downward until its upper face is below the bottom of the hopper 6 when the filling material will flow into the hole and upon the upper face of the enlargement. This will continue until the third lowest annular enlargement again closes the hopper, the space between the second and third lowest enlargements and between the walls of the pile and of the hole being then lled. This action will be repeated for the various succeeding enlargements as the pile is driven, until the driving of 'the pile 2 has been completed.

In this way the spaces between the annular enlargements 3 are lled in with solid, well packed lls or packs l of the lling material which, after the pile has been Adriven into its nal position, hardens and rmly adheres to the vertical walls of the pile and the hole in the earth, and also, by action upon the enlargement 3 serve to greatly improve and eiliciently maintainthe stability of the pile as well as increase its weight carrying ability beyond the capability of any previously known piling, the pile supporting contact between the walls of the hole occasioned by the adhesion of the lling material as described and its engagement with the enlargements 3 being greatly enhanced throughout the length of the pile.

While the invention has been illustrated in what is considered its best application it may have other vembodiments-without departing from its spirit and is not therefore limited to the structure shown in the drawing.

What I claim is: j

l. The method of driving and packing' piling Vcomprising the employment of a pile having a plurality of spaced enlargements of uniform cross-sectional size and shape, each said enlargement having a tapering lower face and an upper Vface forming a supporting shoulder for filling material, driving said pile at a substantially uni form rate of travel by percussive means, arranging closely about said pile a supply of liquid fill-Y ing materialadapted to later solidify in the hole about said pile, whereby the lling material will flow down the hole bored by the pile as one of said enlargements moves downward below the top of said hole, iilling the spacerabove said en largement and between said pile and the Wall of said hole, until the succeeding enlargement temporarily closes the top of said hole, the vibration set up by the percussive driving means. serving `to promote the ilow of iilling material and tending to cause it to percolate into all the crevices between said wall and said pile. l v

2. The method of driving and securing piling,

comprising the employment of a pile having a plurality of spaced enlargements, driving said pile by percussive means, arranging a supply of percussive driving means serving to promote the Y flow of the lling material into all spaces between said Wall and said pile.

3. The method of driving and securingipiling comprising the employment of a pile having an enlargement, percussively driving said pile and ilowingliquid filling material, adapted to subsequently solidify in the hole about said pile, into the hole about said pile and above said enlargement as said pile is driven.

4.' The combination with a pile having a plu#v rality of spaced exterior enlargements or projections substantially lling the hole in the earth in which the pile is inserted, of filling material flowed in liquid form into the spaces between said enlargements and the vertical walls of the pile and of the earth hole for said pile and solidified therein. Y

5. The combination with a pile having an enlargement substantiallylling the hole in the earth in which the pile is inserted, of material owed in liquid form into the space between the vertical walls of the pile and the earth hole for the pile, and above said enlargement, said material being hardened in said space. y

6, The combination with a pile having a plurality of spaced exterior enlargements or projections substantially lling the hole in the earth in which the pile is inserted, of a filling of concrete flowed in liquid form into the spaces between the.

vertical walls of said pile and earth hole for'the pileand between the said enlargements, said conf` crete being subsequently set.

' sHoJrRo TAKECHI.

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